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With a brushless motor, the best method for reversing it is to see if the controller has self-learning wires. Self-learning wires are not on all BLDC controllers, however, if they are then they are usually two green or two white wires with small black connectors on the wire ends that can be plugged together. more
If the controller does not have self-learning wires then try different combinations of connecting the motor coil wires to the controller's motor coil wires. No harm can be done from any combinations of these wire colors as long as one of the wire colors is the same. Here is an example.
A "better" explanation for motion-reversal, Eagleman and his team conclude, is a form of "perceptual rivalry," the phenomenon by which the brain generates multiple (or flat-out wrong) interpretations of a visually ambiguous scene. Classic examples of perceptual rivalry include the spatially ambiguous Necker cube , the hollow-face illusion , and – one of my personal favorites – the brain-bending silhouette illusion , famously illustrated by a spinning dancer that seems to switch directions at the drop of a hat.
You've seen this optical illusion in movies — but it happens when you're watching in person too. What's really going on?
So when a wheel seems to spin in a direction opposite its actual rotation, it's because each spoke has come up a few degrees shy of the position it occupied when it was last imaged by the camera. This is sometimes referred to as the reverse-rotation effect. If the spoke over-shoots, the wheel will appear to rotate in the right direction, but very, very slowly.
The wagon wheel effect, as seen on film and television, is easily explained. Less clear, however, is why people experience the the wagon-wheel effect not through a screen or by virtue of strobe lighting, but out in the real world, under constant lighting conditions. There are presently two competing hypotheses that account for this effect. here
Stephen Fry and the panelists on the BBC show QI are struck by the strange motions of the inverted…
But in 2004, researchers led by neuroscientist David Eagleman demonstrated that test subjects shown two identical wheels spinning adjacent to one another often perceived their rotation as switching direction independently of one another . This observation is inconsistent with Purves' team's discrete-frame-processing model of human perception, which, reason suggests, would result in both wheels' rotations switching direction simultaneously.
2) Perceptual Rivalry [links]
Therefore, if the wheel rotates most of the way along one frame (image) to the next, the most apparent direction of motion for the brain to comprehend is backwards. This is the explanation for the phenomenon in movies. more
The visual cortex, which acts almost like a movie camera, processes sensory input in temporal packets, taking a series of snapshots and then creating a continuous scene. Perhaps our brain processes these still images in the same way as it does the frames in a movie, and the mistake in perception results due to a limited frame rate. This occurs when the light is strobed (not continuous). [links]
1) Visual Cortex [links]
According to this theory, adjacent spinning wheels are observed by people as if they were switching direction independently of each other. According to the movie camera theory, the two wheels should not behave differently, as the frame rate is the same for everything in the visual field. [links]