You want to achieve maximum efficiency (speed) with maximum smoothness of ride. If you trim too low you end up plowing through the water and in some cases even taking water over the bow. (Which is OK for washing the carpet but not a whole lot of good for anything else). If you trim too high you end up either porpoising as the bow is pushed up and then drops back down or you lose speed as the prop comes out of the water (RPMs will go way up). [links]